UAMS researcher lands $3.6 million grant for antibiotic resistance

A University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) research team is examining the critical knowledge gap in cefiderocol resistance.

Cefiderocol is an antibiotic designed to treat complicated urinary tract infections, hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia as well as other infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. It is administered intravenously.

En Huang, Ph.D., associate professor in the UAMS Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health Department of Environmental Health Sciences is leading an interdisciplinary research team that will conduct the project, “Mechanisms of Cefiderocol Nonsusceptibility and Resistance Evolution in Carbapenem Resistant Pathogens.”

The research involves a collaborative effort with microbiologists Sun Hee Moon, Ph.D., and Lu Huang, Ph.D., bioinformatician Se-Ran Jun, Ph.D., along with clinicians Mitchell Jenkins, M.D., and Ryan Dare, M.D.

The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)/National Institute of Health (NIH) is funding the research for $3.6 million. The study launched in September and continues until August 2029.

“The goal of this study is to understand if some bacteria are already resistant to cefiderocol, even if they haven’t been treated with it before. We’ll also look at how bacteria develop resistance after being exposed to the antibiotic,” said Huang. “We’ll investigate how bacteria become resistant to cefiderocol by studying them in the lab, looking at their DNA, and examining their genetic makeup.

“Without a deeper understanding of how resistance develops, we cannot create effective strategies to combat these resistant bacteria. Resistance to the antibiotic limits doctors’ options to effectively treat the various infections.”

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that nearly 3 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur in the United States annually, resulting in more than 35,000 deaths. Huang noted that properly addressing the knowledge gap in antibiotic resistance requires a multifaceted, interdisciplinary approach.

A higher volume of in-depth studies will help researchers and medical professionals fully understand the underlying mechanisms of cefiderocol resistance. Additionally, gaining insights into how resistance develops will also help health care providers make better informed decisions about when to prescribe certain antibiotics.